Pump.



Si R. BLANCHARD.

PUMP. APPLIoATIoN FILED Dno.11,19 oe.

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UNITED sTATns PATENT oFFioE.

SIDNEY R. BLANCHARD, OF OTTAWA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE OTTAWA BANKING da TRUST COMPANY, OF OTTAWA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

To all whom it may concern.' i

Be it known that I, SIDNEY-R. BLANCHARD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ottawa, in the county `of Lasalle and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in umps of that type designed more particuarly for deep wells whereinthe pump cylinder or barrel is made of relatively small bore.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Among the objects of my invention is to provide a construction inpumps for this urpose which shall increase the capacity o the pump without correspondingly increasing the diameter of the cylinder or increasing the length of the stroke of the pump. 4

A further obj ect of the invention is to rovide means for facilitating the removal o the pump mechanism fromthe pump barrel or cylinder, while locking said parts in proper position therein in readiness for the operation of the pum As shown in t e drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a pump cylinder' or barrel and connected tubing, showing the pumping mechanism therein partially in section and partially in elevation. Fig. 2 is a view partially in elevation and partly in section of the pump piston, the traveling cylinder and slotted connectin tube constituting parts of the pumping mec anism. Fig. 3 is a view showing the coupling or connection for joining the barrel and tubing. Fig. 4 is a cross-section, taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal axial section of the stationary iston, its rod and the stationary piston hol er. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the holder showing a portion of the parts which coperate therewith. Fig. 7 is a cross-section taken on line 7-7 of Fi 5. Figs. 8 and 9 are cross-sections taken on Iines 8-8 and 9-9, respectively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is an enlarged v1ew illustrating an expansible seat constituting -the support for the stationary piston holder.Y

As shown in the drawings, 10 designates kthe lpump barrel, 11 an upper extension or tubing and 12 a tubular connection or coupling joining the barrel and tubing, said coupling being connected with the barrel and tubing through the medium of fittings 13 and 14, respectively. The tubing 11 is made of greater diameter than the pum barrel.

15 designates a standing va ve of usual form at the lower end of the barrel 10, and 16 a fitting with which is connected the usual Aperforated pipe or screen which supports the pump at the pro er level in the well relatively to the liqui being pumped. The said coupling or connection 12 is shown as provided radially outside of l its central bore with by-passes 17 through which liquid is raised from the lower cylinder to the tubing above the same.

18 designates a valved iston that reciprocates in the barrel 10. aid piston is provided with a central passage or bore, and an upwardly opening check valve closure, (as the ball 19,) controls the passage of liquid therethrough.

20 designates an elongated cylinder that reciprocates in the lower end of the tubing 11, and'21 designates a slotted tube that is rigidly connected at its lower end with the piston 18` and at its upper end with said cylinder 20. The slot 22 of said tube, which constitutes the piston rod, extends entirely to the top of said tube, as shown in Fig. 2, and terminates short of the lower end of the tube. The tube has screw-threaded connection with said cylinder. The traveling cylinder 20 is open at its upper end and is prowardly opening check valve closure, as the ball 24. The said ball closure is conned in a suitable cage 25 and the pump rod 26, which reciprocates the pumping mechanism, is attached at its lower end to said cage.

27 designates a stationary, hollow piston within the traveling cylinder 20. Said piston is fixed rigidly to the u per end of a hollow piston rod 28 that is ed relatively to the pump barrel. As herein shown, the means for fixing stationary said piston and its piston rod comprises a stationary piston holder, designated las a whole by 29. It is located within and iills the central passage or bore of the connection or coupling 12 that the opening therein to permit the parts hereinafter to be described to pass through said connects the barrel with the tubing 11. The said stationary piston holder is provided with upper and lower packing rings 30, 30 which have a packing fit in the bore of the coupling, and is held stationary with respect to said coupling or connection by means made as follows: Located within said hollow connection is an eXpansible seat designated as a whole by 31. Said eXpansible seat comprises a plurality of upstanding segments 32 that are hinged at their lower ends to the upper end of the fitting 13 and are designed by spring-pressure to rest against each other to form an upwardly facing supporting seat, but are capable of being spread apart to enlarge opening. The hinge connection for said segments comprise lugs 33,l 33 entering suitable recesses in the upper end of said fitting 13 and hinged thereto by means of pins 34, 34. Springs 35 afiixed centrally thereof to the outer faces of the segments, and bearing at their ends against the inner cylindric wall of the coupling or connection, hold the segments normally toward and against each other, butl permit them to yieldingly spread apart. The lower end of the stationary holder rests on the upper seating face of said eXpansible seat, as shown in Fig. 1, and said seat thus arrests thek descent of the holder and the piston carried thereby. Saidholder is held from rising by means of a locking pawl 36, shown most clearly in Figs. 1, 5 and 6, which is hinged in a suitable recess in the holder 29 by means of a transverse hinge pin 37 and provided with a tooth or detent 38 that projects outwardly through a suitable notch or slot in the lower end of the holder for engagement with adownwardly facing shoulder 39 within said holder. A spring40 tends to normally hold the pawl with its detent 38 projected from the holder. Thus the holder is held from movement in both directions. When the holder is to be withdrawn means, hereinafter to be described, are provided for swinging said pawl inwardly to release it from the shoulder 39. prior to withdrawing the holder upwardly.

The stationary piston holder proper is made of cast-metal and is joined to the hollow stationary piston rod 28 by means of a coupling 41, the central bore 42 of said holder being disposed in alinement with said hollow rod. The said central passage or bore 42 of said stationary piston holder is formed in a thickened portion or rib 42a that extends radially into the hollow holder, and also beyond the upper end of the same for connection with the piston rod, as shown in Figs. 5 and 9. The said central passage or bore of the holder communicates at its lower end with a lateral port 43 formed in said rib 42EL and located in line with an annular recess 44 formed in the inner wall of the coupling or connection 29. Said annular recess communicates with the exterior of the pump casing through a lateral port 45. Thus the interior of the traveling cylinder 20 above the stationary piston 27 may be brought into communication, through the ports 45 and 43, with an exterior source of liquid supply. The passage of said stationary piston 27 is controlled by a downwardly closing check valve, as the ball valve 47.

It will be observed with reference to Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 9 that the slotted hollow piston rod 21 of the lower reciprocating piston 18 slides up and down through the stationary piston holder and operates without packing therein. The stationary piston rod is contained within the slotted hollow piston rod 21 in the part thereof between the holder and the lower end of the traveling cylinder 20. It

lwill also be observed by reference to Fig. 9

that the slotted portion 22 of said hollow piston rod slides vover the solid part or rib of the holder in which is formed the central passage 42 of the holder and the port 43, whereby said tube inay reciprocate freely within the hollow holder, while at the saine time inclosing the stationary piston rod and permitting lcommunication to the traveling cylinder 20 through the hollow piston rod and through the ports 43 and 45.

In order to apply the stationary piston holder over the hollow slotted piston rod, prior to inserting said parts into their places in the pump barrel, tubing and tubular connecting part 12, said slotted piston rod is disconnected from the traveling cylinder 20 and the hollow stationary piston holder is applied thereover and allowed to slip down to the lower endthereof. The holding latch or pawl 36 at this time passes through the slot 22 of said rod. The hollow stationary piston rod thereafter -is attached to the holder, and, as the holder slides down. over the slotted piston rod 21, the said stationary piston rod passes into the hollow slotted rod, as indicated in Fig. 5. Thereafter the end of the stationary piston and its rod which project beyond the slotted hollow piston rod is inserted into the traveling cylinder and the slotted iston rod is again connected with said cy inder by the screw-threaded connection shown, or otherwise. After the interior pumping mechanism has been thus assempl'ed, it is inserted into the pump barrel and tubing (assuming the barrel has previously been placed in the well) in the following manner: The said parts, connected as described, are connected with suitable lengths of the pump rod to lower the same to the pump barrel below. of the piston 18 is made conical, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and as said conical end of the piston reaches the eXpansible seat 31 the The advance end traveling cylinder.

segments of said seat are spread apart to Thereafter, said segments are thrown 1nwardly by their springs so as to be in position to en age the lower end of the stationary piston ho der and arrest the same when it reaches said seat. By reason of the packing fit of the piston holder the tubular connecting piece or coupling 12, the said holder remains stationary for a time after the lower packing enters the bore of said coupling or connection and until the lower end of the traveling cylinder 2 0 engages the same, whereupon the weight of the cylinder and the pump rod above the same serves to force said stationary piston holder downwardly into place; During the time the part of the holder carrying the spring-pressed locking pawl is passing through the holder, the said pawl is pressed inwardly, and when the pawl passes below the level of theshoulder 39 in said holder it springs outwardly, under the action of the spring 40, thereby locking the holder and the parts carried -thereby from rising. The pump rod and said pumping mechanism are thenraised to the proper distance and the rod attached to the pump actuating mechanism above. The connection of the pump rod with the pump actuating mechanism will usually be made when kthe parts are at the lowest part of the stroke of the piston, whereby the first movement of the pump actuating mechanism is' to raise the piston 18 and the When the parts are assembled, as described, the pumpis ready for operation.

The pump is so set in the well that the port 45 of the coupling or connection between the pump barrel Vand the tubing is either submerged in the fluid being pumped, -or is connected 'by a pipe extending downwardly therefrom with a source of fluid extraneous to the pum barrel.` The effect of the first up-stroke o the piston and the traveling barrel is to reduce the pressure below the piston 18 in the usual manner and thereby open the check valve 15 to permit the fluid to pass upwardly through the standing valve into the lower end of the pump barrel` A further effect of the first up-stroke, by reason of the separation of the upper end of the traveling cylinder 20 from the stationary piston therein, is to eect a reduction of pressure within the cylinder 20above the stationary iston, connected with the pump barrel, w ereby liquid from a source extraneous to the pump vbarrel enters the ort 45 and passes through the port 43, the ollow piston rod and hollow, stationary, valved piston into said gradually lengthening space within the traveling cylinder above said stationary piston 27. In the succeeding down-stroke of the piston and the traveling cylinder, the li uidy filling the spaces immediately below said piston 18 and the valve 24 at the upper end of the traveling cylinder is transferred, by reason of such descent of the parts, to the spaces in the pump barrel and tubing above said piston and above the traveling cylinder, so that in the next up-stroke of the piston the liquid column above said parts is raised or lifted, thus producing an outflowy at the outlet of the'pump.` At the same timevthat part of the fluid column above the traveling cylinder is raised to a height greater than that due to the length of the up-stroke of the iston and traveling cylinder, for the reason t at during the progress of the up-stroke, a space, not theretofore existing in the tubing, isfproduced between the upper end of the stationary piston and the upper end of the traveling cylinder 20, said space lengthening as the cylinder rises. The production of this space necessarily displaces and forces upwardly the li uid within the tubing above said travelin cy inder to an extent equal to the cubica measurement of said space. This operation will be readily understood from a consideration of the following: It will be observed that the space within the traveling cylinder Abelow the stationary piston, at any given time, isr in free or open communication with the interior of the tubing through the slotted hollow piston rod which works freely over the stationary piston rod, as is obvious by an inspection of Fig. 5. When the traveling cylinder is at the lower limit of its stroke, and the upper end thereof is, therefore, closely adjacent to the stationary piston (thus leaving little space between said stationary piston and upper end of the traveling cylinder) the said lower part of the traveling cylinder around the stationary piston rod is filled with. liquid and the liquid displacement inthe tubing due` to the presence of said lower end of the traveling cylinder therein is that re resented by the cubical dimension of the wal of said cylinder. When, however, the traveling cylinder moves upwardly, the li uid theretofore in the lower end of said cjyglinder is left behind, passing outwardly through the-slotted hollow piston rod 21, As the traveling cylinder rises above the piston, the liquid displacement effected thereby, in addition tothe cubical dimension of the cylinder wall, as before, increases to' the extent represented by the cubical dimension of the s ace in the upper end of the traveling cylin er above the stationary piston, inasmuch as no liquid theretofore in the barrel flows into or fills said space; this space being filled by the liquid from an extraneous source entering through the ports 45 and 43 and the hollow stationary piston rod. rl`hus it will be seen that the volume of liquid raised in the up-stroke of the pumping mechanism is greaterthan that due to the stroke or travel of the piston and the capacity of the pump is rise of said cylinder, which liquid is trans-- ferred to the space within the tubing'above said traveling cylinder during the next descent or down-stroke of the mechanism.

It is to be understood that the principles involved in the construction and operation of the pump described may be applied to pump constructions varying considerably in detail of arrangement from that herein shown, and I do not therefore wish to be limited to the structural details herein disclosed eXcept as hereinafter made the subject of speciiic claims.

I claim as my invention l. In a lift pump, the combinationwith the pump barrel provided at its lower end with a valve, a tubing rising from said barrel, and a lift piston reciprocating in the barrel, of means operating in unison with the reciprocation of the piston for creating a space within the tubing during the up-stroke of the piston to effect a displacement of the liquid column within the tubing resting on said piston in addition to that effected by the lifting action `of the piston, which space is isolated from the liquid space within the tubing and barrel during such up-stroke of the piston, whereby the flow of liquid from the pump is increased during such up-stroke of the piston beyond that d ue to the lifting stroke of the piston.

2. In a lift pump, the combinationwith the pump barrel provided at its lower end lwith a valve, a tubing rising from said barrel, and a lift piston reciprocating in the barrel, of means operating in unison with the reciprocation of the piston for creating a space within the tubing during the up-stroke of the piston to effect a dis lacement of the liquid column within the tubing resting on said pis ton in addition to that effected bythe lifting action of the piston, which space is isolated from the liquid space within the tubing and barrel during such up-strokeof the piston, whereby the flow of liquid from the pump is increased during such up-stroke of the piston beyond that due to the lifting stroke of the piston, means for introducing liquid into the space thus created, and means for transferring'said liquid .to the liquid space in said tubing during the downstroke of the piston.V 3. In a lift pump, the combination withA the 'pump barrel provided at its lower end with a valve, a tubing rising from the barrel and a lift piston reciprocating in the barrel, of means operating in unison with the reciprocation of the piston for creating a space within the tubing during the lifting or upstroke of the piston, which space is isolated from the liquid space within the tubing and barrel, comprising a cylinder in the tubing reciprocating with the piston, and a stationary piston in said reciprocating cylinder.

4. In a lift pump, the combination with the pump barrel provided at its lower end with a valve, a tubing rising from said barrel, and a lift piston reciprocating in said barrel, of means in said tubing connected with, and operating during the upstroke of, the piston for increasing the liquid displacement of the pump beyond that due to the stroke of the piston, comprising a cylinder in the tubing connected to and reciprocating with said piston and closed at its upper end by a valve and communicating at its lower end with. said tubing, and a stationary piston in said cylinder.

5. A pump comprising a barrel and its connected tubing, said barrel being provided at its lower end with a valve, a valved piston reci rocating in' said barrel, a cylinder, smalfler than the inteiior diameter of the tubing, reciprocating in said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the barrel and tubing and )rovided at its upper end with a valve, a righi connection between the reciprocating piston and cylinder, and a stationary piston within said reciprocating cylinder.

6. A pump comprising a barrel and its connected tubing, a tubular connecting piece joining the barrel and tubing, said barrel being provided at its lower end with a valve, a valved piston reciprocating in said barrel, a cylinder reciprocating in the tubing of smaller diameter than the interioi diameter of said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the barrel and tubing and provided at its upper end with a valve, a piston within said cylinder -and a i iston holder releasably locked in said tubultr connecting piece for supporting said stationary piston.

7. A pump comprising a barrel and its connected tubing, said barrel being )rovided at its lower end with a valve, a valved lift piston reciprocating in said barrel, a cylinder smaller than the interior diameter of the tubing and reciprocating in said tubing, a rigid connection between the reciprocating piston and cylinder, a stationary piston within said reciprocating cylinder of smaller diameter than said tubing and constructed `to be withdrawn upwardly through said tubing to remove the same from the pump, a stationary holder for said latter piston, and means for releasably locking sai d holder in place.

8. A pump comprising a barrel and. its connected tubing, said barrel being provided at its lower end with a valve, a valved lift piston reciprocating in said barrel, a cylinder smaller than the interior diameter of the tubing and reciprocating in said tubing, a rigid 'connection between the reciprocating piston and cylinder, a stationary piston within said reciprocating cylinder, a stationary holder for said latter piston, means for locking said holder in place, and means operating upon the withdrawal of said lift piston and cylinder from the barrel and tubing for releasing said locking means to permit the withdrawal of the stationary piston and its holder simultaneously with a valved lift the withdrawal of the lift piston and cylinder.

9. A- pum comprising a barrel and its connected tu ing, a tubularconnecting piece joining the barrel and tubing, said barrel being provided at its lower end with a valve, iston reci rocating in said barrel, a cylin er of smal er diameter than the interior of the tubing reciprocating Vin said tubing, a rigid connection between thev lift piston and said cylinder, a stationary piston in said cylinder, a holder for said stationary lpiston releasably locked in said tubular connecting piece, and a hollow seat in said connecting piece on which said holder rests, said seat being expansible to permit the lift piston to pass therethrough.

10. A um comprisin a barrel and its connecte tu ing, said arrell being rovided at its lower end with a valve, a va ved piston reciprocating in said barrel, a cylinder, smaller than the interior diameter ofthe tubing, reciprocating in said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the barrel and tubing, a rigid connection between the reciprocating piston and cylinder, a stationary piston within said reciprocating cylinder, said stationary piston being provided with a passage communicating with the upper end of the cylinder, and an upwardly opening check valve controlling said passage, the upper end of said cylinder having an openingcontrolled by an upwardly opening check valve.

11. A pum comprising a barrel and its connected tu ing, said barrel being rovided at its lower end with a valve, a va ved piston reciprocating in said barrel, a cylinder, smaller than the interior diameter of the tubing, reciprocating in said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the barreland tubing, a

rigid connection between the reciprocatingr piston and cylinder, a stationary piston within said reciprocating cylinder, said stationary piston being provided with a passage communicating with the upper end of the cylinder, an upwardly openingl check valve controlling said' passage, the upper end of' connected tubing, said barrel being rovided at its lower end with a valve, a va ved piston reci rocating in said barrel, a cylinder smaller t an the interior diameter of the tubing reciprocating in said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the tubing and provided at its upper end with a` valved opening, a rigid connection between the reciprocating piston and cylinder, a stationary plston in said reciprocating cylinder, and a stationary piston holder carrying said stationary piston.

13. In a lift pump, the combination with a barrel provided at its lower end with a valve,

\ a tubing rising from the barrel, and a valved piston reciprocating in said barrel, of a cylinder reciprocating in the tubing of less diameter than the interior diameter of said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior of the barrel and tubing and provided at its upper end withv an opening controlled by an upwardly opening check valve, a rod rigidly connecting said piston and cylinder, and a stationary piston in said cylinder provided with a passage controlled at its upper end by an upwardly opening check valve. y

14. In a lift pump, the combination with a barrel provided at its lower end with a valve', a tubing rising from the barrel, and a valved piston reciprocating in said barrel, of a cylinder reciprocating in the tubing of less diameing said piston and cylinder, a stationary piston in said cylinder provided with a passage controlled at its upper end by a valve, a stationary piston holder through which said connecting rod extends, a hollow iston rod extending upwardly from said older to which said hollow stationary piston is attached, and means for deliverlng liquid to the said hollow stationary piston rod.

15. In a lift pump, the combination with a barrel provided at its lower end with a valve, a tubing rising from the barrel, and a valved piston reciprocating in said barrel, of a cylinder reciprocating in the tubing of less diameter than the interior diameter of said tubing, said cylinder communicating at its lower end with the interior ofthe barrel and tubing and provided at its upper end with an opening controlled by an upwardly opening check valve, a rod rigidly connecting said piston and cylinder, a stationary piston in said cylinder provided with a passage controlled at its upper` end by an upwardly opening check valve, a stationary piston ho der through which said connecting rod extends, and a hollow iston rod extending upwardly from said ho der to the upper end of which the holIoW stationary iston is attached, said ence of two Witnesses, this 3rd day of Deeein -4 holder andhthe Wal of the barrel lloeilrllg prober A. D. 1906, vided Wit re isterin orts W io eornmmm@ with gthe iowgeriind of Said hollow SIDNEY R" BLANCHARD- 5 stationary piston rod. Witnesses:

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as W. C. MERRITT, my invention I aHiX my signature in the pres- M. OBRIEN. 

